From: "H. Debs" Subject: Re: ASCII Control Codes Date: 29 Jan 2000 00:00:00 GMT Message-ID: <38929213.33C8DC6@csi.com> Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit References: <3890BBC0.165E416B@California.com> <86qnpf$rt93@bornews.borland.com> <3890ED3F.19944486@California.com> X-Accept-Language: en Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Organization: Another Netscape Collabra Server User Mime-Version: 1.0 Newsgroups: borland.public.delphi.objectpascal Jim McKay wrote: > - Where can I get an explanation of 'control' characters? There's gotta be > a URL somewhere... something like #0 - #32 (how many of 'em?) There are 32 (0 to 31). 32 is already a printing character (space). These are also sometimes called 'non-printing' characters. Just to complete Philippe's codes, I got these off an old document I have. ASCII codes from $00-$1F ======================== Hex Dec Ctrl Code Description --- --- ---- ---- ----------------------------- 00 0 ^@ NUL Null 01 1 ^A SOH Start of Header 02 2 ^B STX Start of Text 03 3 ^C ETX End of Text 04 4 ^D EOT End of Transmission 05 5 ^E ENQ Enquiry 06 6 ^F ACK Acknowledge 07 7 ^G BEL Bell 08 8 ^H BS Back space 09 9 ^I HT Horizontal tab 0A 10 ^J LF Line feed 0B 11 ^K VT Vertical tab 0C 12 ^L FF Form feed 0D 13 ^M CR Carriage return 0E 14 ^N SO Shift out 0F 15 ^O SI Shift in 10 16 ^P DLE Data link escape 11 17 ^Q DC1 Device control 1 (Xon) 12 18 ^R DC2 Device control 2 13 19 ^S DC3 Device control 3 (Xoff) 14 20 ^T DC4 Device control 4 15 21 ^U NAK Negative acknowledge 16 22 ^V SYN Sync 17 23 ^W ETB End of Transmission block 18 24 ^X CAN Cancel 19 25 ^Y EM End of media 1A 26 ^Z SUB Substitute 1B 27 ^[ ESC Escape 1C 28 ^\ FS File separator 1D 29 ^] GS Group separator 1E 30 ^^ RS Record separator 1F 31 ^_ US Unit separator 1) Note that by adding $40 (64), you get the alphabet characters. 2) Some of these codes are/were used in serial communications between terminals (TTY's) and CPUs, others to control the terminal, and printer, and others to format data on media. Habib